Part 1
ANNALS OF BOTANY EDITED BY ISAAC BAYLEY BALFOUR, M.A., M.D., F.R.S. KING'S BOTANIST IN SCOTLAND, PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY AND KEEPER OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, EDINBURGH DUKINFIELD HENRY SCOTT, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., P.LS. LATELY HONORARY KEEPER OF THE JODRELL LABORATORY, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW JOHN BRETLAND FARMER, D.Sc. M.A., F.R.S. PROFESSOR OF BOTANY, ROYAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, LONDON AND ROLAND THAXTER, M.A., PH.D. PROFESSOR OF CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE, MASS., U.S.A. ASSISTED BY OTHER BOTANISTS VOLUME XXII With Thirty-five Plates, Fifteen Diagrams, and Ninety Figures in the Text oe e e e >. @ @n00 ee vy vb 086 ee : ° eo eyes & § Mw Ce ogee & Me Fe ? a e ee @ oe eyes © , «ee e,cee § eo” - . e @eee @ @e e e. e@e0eese ee A e” ’ * > eevesecsoe ee e@ e ee oe ee e% « - e6¢@ eee e<@ or, ®e* e ©, Fee 6 @ © Je eeoef,e ef @e ee 86 ° 2 @@©”"e 0 ee @ ° e eo e@ 0 & @ e080. @ “ef « HENRY FROWDE, M.A... AMEN CORNER, E.C. OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS DEPOSITORY, 116 HIGH STREET 1908 CONTENTS. PAGE DAVIS, BRADLEY MOORE.—Spore Formation in Derbesia. With Plates I and II . . I SAXELBY, E. M.—The Origin of the Roots in Lycopodium Selago, With Plate III . 21 FRASER, H.C. I —Contributions | to the Cytology of Humaria rtilans, Fries. With Plates IV and V . . . . 35 ARBER, E. A. NEWELL.—On a new Pteridosperm possessing the Sphenopteris type of Foliage. With Plate VI. 57. SYKES, M. G.—The Anatomy and Morphology of Tmesipteris. With Plates VII and VIII and thirteen Figures in the Text. - 63 CAMPBELL, D. H.—Studies on some Javanese Anthocerotaceae. II. With Plates 1X and X and two Figures in the Text. . . gl VINES, S. H.—The Rroteases of Plants. V. . . . . = . 103 NOTES. STAPF, OTro.—Rediscovery of Statice arborea and Discovery of a new, Allied Species. . . 115 PETCH, T.—A Preliminary note on Sclerocystis coremioides, B.et Br. 116 GALLAGHER, W. J.—The Cytology of Rhoeo discolor . . - %W7 GIBSON, R. J. HARVEY.—A Photoelectric theory of Photosynthesis . 117 NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. The subscription-price of each volume is thirty shillings, payable in advance: the Parts, four in number, are supplied as they appear, post free to subscribers in the United Kingdom, and with a charge of 1s. 6d. per annum for postage to subscribers residing abroad. The price of individual Parts is fixed at a higher rate. Intending subscribers should send their names, with subscription, to Henry Frowne, Oxford University Press Ware- house, Amen Corner, London, E.C. As the earlier volumes of the Annals of Botany are becoming scarce, Vol. I will only be sold as part of a complete set; and Parts will not as a rule be sold separately, after the publication of the volume to which they belong. <A few extra copies of particular Parts at present remain on hand, for which special application must be made to the Editors, Clarendon Press, Oxford. NOTICE TO CONTRIBUTORS. Contributors in America should address their communications to Professor TuaxtTer, Harvard University; and all other contributors to the Editors, at the Clarendon Press, Oxford. Papers sent in with a view to publication mus/ be type-writien; and the illustrative figures should be planned so as to fill properly a 4to or an 8vo plate. The maximum space available for figures in a 4to plate is 84x 114 inches, in an 8vo plate 85x55 inches. Attention to this will conduce to the rapid publication of papers if accepted. Each contributor to the Annals of Botany is entitled to receive gratis fifty separate copies of his paper, and may purchase additional copies if he informs the Editors of his wishes in this respect when he returns corrected proofs. The price of these additional copies will depend upon the amount of text and the number of plates in the paper. ES ES a ee ~ a a a ee Orford PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, M.A. PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY 120224 CONTENTS. No. LXXXV, January, 1908. PAGE DAVIS, BRADLEY Moore.—Spore Formation in Derbesia. With Plates I and II . ‘ ‘ I SAXELBY, E. M.—The Origin of the Roots in Lycopodium Selago. With Plate III. . ai FRASER, H.C. I.—Contributions to the cytology of Humaria rutilans, Fries. With Plates IV and V : 35 ARBER, E. A. NEWELL.—On : a new ’ Pteridosperm possessing the Sphenopteris type of F oliage. With Plate VI . . . 57 Sykes, M. G.—The Anatomy and Morphology of “"Tmesipteris. With Plates VII and VIII and thirteen Figures inthe Text . . . 63 CAMPBELL, D. H.—Studies on some Javanese Anthocerotaceae. II. With Plates IX and x and two Figures in the Text. . ; . . . ‘ ; ; ‘ - gl VINES, S. H.—The Proteases of Plants. V . . 2 . 2 . . . 103 NOTES. STAPF, OTTO.—Rediscovery of Statice arborea and Discovery of a new, allied Species. » 115 Petco, T.—A Preliminary Note on Sclerocystis coremioides, Bet Brn. . 3 . 3 « « 316 GALLAGHER, W. J.—The Cytology of Rhoeo discolor . . . . . . WY GIBSON, R. J. HARVEY.—A Photoelectric theory of Photosynthesis : : . . . oy No. LXXXVI, April, 1908. SARGANT, ETHEL.— The Reconstruction of a Race of Primitive Angiosperms. With twenty- one Figures inthe Text . . ° . 121 Gisss, L. S.—Bio-histological Notes on some new ‘Rhodesian species of F uirena, Hesperantha, and Justicia. With Plates XI and XII and ten Figures in the Text . . 187 JEFFREY, EDWARD C.—On the Structure of the Leaf in Cretaceous Pines. With Plates XII and XIV . . ° . . . . - 207 Weiss, F. E.—A Stigmaria with Centripetal Wood. With Plate XV ° . . 221 BOoDLE, L. A.—On the Production of Dwarf Male Prothalli in Sporangia of Todea. “With Plate XVI ° ‘ - 231 HILL, ARTHUR W.—The Histology of the Sieve-Tubes of Angiosperms. With Plates XVI and XVIII and thirteen Figuresin the Text . : ‘ e §6345 Sykes, M. G.—Anatomy and Histology of Macrocystis pyrifera and Laminaria saccharina. With Plates XIX-XXI . oe : oe - 8 . 29! NOTES. Bower, F. O.— Note on Ophioglossum simplex, Ridley © . 8 ee 8389 WILsoNn, M.—Preliminary Note on Nuclear Division in Mnium hornum . . . - 328 STEPHENS, E, L.—A Preliminary Note on the Embryo-Sac of certain Penaeaceae . . » 329 CAMPBELL, DouGLAS H.—The Embryo-Sac of Pandanus. Preliminary Note . : 330 Supplementary Note to ‘Studies on some Javanese Anthocerotaceae’ 330 iv Contents. No. LAXXVIHIL, July, 1908. PA GE OLIVE, EDGAR W.—Sexual Cell Fusions and Vegetative Nuclear Divisions in the Rusts. With Plate XXII. . 331 KAuFFMAN, C. H.—A Contribution to tthe Physiology ‘of the Saprolegniaceae, with special reference to the Variations of the Sexual Organs. With Plate XXIII. . - 361 PETCH, T.—The Genus Endocalyx, Berkeley and Broome. With PlateXXIV .. 389 McNIcoL, MAary.—On Cavity Parenchyma and Tyloses in Ferns. With Plate XXV and seven Figures in the Text . . . . 2 . - 401 STOWARD, F.—On Endospermic Respiration i in certain Seeds . - 415 BRUSCHI, DiaANA.—Researches on the Vitality and Self-digestion of the Endosperm of some Graminaceae . . 449 FRASER, H. C. I., and WELSFORD, E. J. Further Contributions to the Cytology of the Ascomycetes. With Plates XXVI and XXVII and a Figure in the Text . . 495 Brooks, F. T.—Observations on the Biology of Botrytis cinerea. With four Figures in the Text 479 ARBER, E, A. NEWELL, and PARKIN, J.—Studies on the Evolution of the Angiosperms. The Relationship of the Angiosperms to the Gnetales. With three Figures in the Text . 489 GWYNNE-VAUGHAN, D. T.—On the Real Nature of the Tracheae in the Ferns. With Plate NOTES. SYKES, M. G.—Note on an Abnormality found in Psilotum triquetram.— With five Figures in the Text . . . - §25 WORSDELL, W. C.—Internal ‘Phloem i in " Myristica. With two Fi igures i in the Text . . 526 No. LXXXVIII, October, 1908. Lewis, I. M.—The Behaviour of the Chromosomes in Pinus and Thuja. With Plates XXIX andXXX .. » §29 BALLs, W. LAWRENCE. Temperature ‘and Growth. With eleven Figures i in 1 the Text . - §57 \ JEFFREY, EDWARD C.—Traumatic Ray-Tracheids in Cunninghamia sinensis. With PlateXXXI_ 593 WILLIs, J. C., and BurkiLi_, I. H.—Flowers and Insects in Great Britain. Part IV. Observations on the less specialized Flowers of the Clova Mountains . 603 WoRSDELL, W. C.-—A Study of the Vascular System in certain Orders of the Ranales. With Plates XXXII and XXXIII and four Figures in the Text ‘ . 651 Scott, Rina.—On Bensonites fusiformis, sp. nov., a fossil associated with Stauropteris burntislandica, P. Bertrand, and on the sporangia of the latter. With Plate XXXIV and seven Figures in the Text . . - 683 HILL, T. G., and pe Fraine, E.—On the Seedling Structare of Gymnosperms, 1. “With Plate XXXV and eight Figures inthe Text . . oe ‘ - 689 NOTES. HI.L_, A. W.—The Origin of Monocotyledons. With one Figure in the Text . - 6 713 BoopLe, L. A.—On the Occurrence of different Types < of Hair in the Wallflower. With one Figure in the Text . . ‘ . . : . . - 714 CONTENTS AND INDEX . . . . . . . . . . : . ili-vii INDEX. A. ORIGINAL PAPERS AND NOTES. PAGE ARBER, E. A. N.— Ona new Pteridosperm possessing the Sphenopteris type of Foliage. With Plate VI . . - 57 and PARKIN, J. — Studies on the Evolution of the Angiosperms. The Relationship of the Angiosperms to the Gnetales. With three Figures in the Text . 489 Bais, W. L.—Temperature and Growth. With eleven Figures in the Text . : . - 557 BoopDLeE, L. A.—On the Occurrence of different Types of Hair in the Wallflower. With one Figure in the Text . - 714 On the Production of Dwarf Male Prothalli | in Sporangia of Todea. With Plate XVI . . - e 231 Bower, F. O.—Note on Ophioglossum simplex, Ridley. . 327 Brooks, F. T.—Observations on the Biology of Botrytis cinerea. "With four Fi igures i in the Text . 479 BRUSCHI, Diana—Researches on the Vitality and ‘Self: -digestion of the Endosperm of some Graminaceae . . . . . . . : . . . . - 449 BURKILL, I. H., see WILLIs, J. OF CAMPBELL, D. H. —Studies on some Javanese Anthocerotaceae. II. With Plates IX and X and two Figures inthe Text . : 2 le . gf The Embryo-Sac of Pandanus. Preliminary Note . . « 330 Sa Supplementary Note to ‘Studies on some Javanese Anthocerotaceae ” . 330 Davis, B, M.—Spore Formation in Derbesia. With PlatesIand II. 2 . . I DE FRAINE, E., see HILL, T. G. FRASER, H. C. I.—Contributions to the Cytology of Humaria rutilans Fries. With Plates IV and V . . 35 and WELSFoRD, E. J.—Farther Contributions to the Cytology of the Ascomycetes. With Plates XXVI and XXVII and a eugore in the Text . . - 465 GALLAGHER, W. J.—The Cytology of Rhoeo discolor . . 117 Gisss, L. S.—Bio-histological Notes on some new Rhodesian species of F uirena, Hesperantha, and Justicia. With Plates XI and XII and ten Figures inthe Text . - 6 «+ 187 Gisson, R. J. H.—A Photoelectric theory of Photosynthesis . . . . - &Il7 GWYNNE-VAUGHAN, D. T.—On the Real Nature of the Tracheae in the Ferns. With Plate XXVIII . . : : . - 517 Hitt, A. W.—The Histology of the Sieve-Tubes ‘of Angiosperms, With Plates XVII and XVIII and thirteen Figures in the Text . . » 245 The Origin of Monocotyledons. With one Figure i in the Text ‘ . - 713 Hiiz, T. G., and DE FRAINE, E.—On the Seedling Structure of Gymnosperms. I. With Plate XXXV and eight Figures inthe Text. : . oe . 689 > JEFFREY, E. C.—On the Structure of the Leaf in Cretaceous Pines. With Plates XIII and XIV . : . ° ° : . . 207 ———————. Traumatic Ray-Traeheids i in n Cunninghamia sinensis. ‘With Plate XXXI . 593 KAUFFMAN, C. H.—A Contribution to the Physiology of the Saprolegniaceae, with special reference to the Variations of the Sexual Organs. With Plate XXIII. ‘ 361 Lewis, I. M.—The Behaviour of the Chromosomes in Pinus and Thuja. With Plates XXIX and XXX : 539 McNICcoL, M.—On Cavity Parenchyma and Tyloses i in F erns, With Plate XXV and seven Figures in the Text . . 40t OLiveE, E. W.—Sexual Cell Fusions and Vegetative Nuclear Divisions in the Rusts. With Plate XXII . . . ° ; , : ° ; . . ° - 331 PARKIN, J., see ARBER, E, A. N. vi Index. PAGE PETCH, T.—A Preliminary Note on Sclerocystis coremioides, B. et Br... . ‘ . 116 - The Genus Endocalyx, Berkeley and Broome. With PlateXXIV_. . - 389 SARGANT, ETHEL—The Reconstruction of a Race of Primitive Angiosperms. With twenty-one Figuresin the Text. ; . . Lai SAXELBY, E. M.—The Origin of the Roots in Lycopodium Selago. "With Plate rt . . 2s ScoTT, RrNA.—On Bensonites fusiformis, sp. nov., a fossil associated with Staaropteris burnt- islandica, P. Bertrand, and on the Sporangia of the latter. With Plate XXXIV and seven Figures in the Text . : ~ « 683 STAPF, OTTO, — Rediscovery of Statice arborea and Discovery of a new, allied Species . . INS STEPHENS, E. L.—A Preliminary Note on the Embryo-Sac of certain Penaeaceae . . - 329 StowarRD, F.—On Endospermic Respiration in certain Seeds... 415 Sykes, M. G.—Anatomy and Histology of Macrocystis pyrifera and Laminaria saccharina. With Plates XIX-XXI_ . . . 291 Note on an Abnormality found in Psilotam tiqnetram. "With five Figures in the Text. . 525 The Anatomy and Morphology of Trmespteri. ‘With Plates VII and VIII and thirteen Figures inthe Text . . . . . . . 63 VINES, S. H.—The Proteases of Plants. V . , . . . . 103 Wess, F. E.—A Stigmaria with Centripetal Wood. With Plate XV . . oe . 331 WELSFORD, E. J., see FRASER, H. C. I. WILLIs, J. C., and BurkiLL, I. H.—Flowers and Insects in Great Britain. Part IV. Obser- — vations on the less specialized Flowers of the Clova Mountains . oe . 603 WI1tson, M.—Preliminary Note on Nuclear Division in Mnium hornum . . 328 WoRSDELL, W. C.—A Study of the Vascular System in certain Orders of the Ranales. “With Plates XXXII and XXXIII and four Figures in the Text . - « 651 Internal Phloem in Myristica. With two Figures in the Text 526 L a. PLATES. VI. VI, VII. IX, X. XI, XII. XIII, XIV. XV. XVI. XVI, XVIT. XIX-XXI. XXIT. XXII. XXIV. XXV. XXVI, XXVI. XXVIII. XXIX, XXX. XXXI. XXXITJ, XXXII. XXXIV. XXXV. 6. FIGURES. I, 2. 3- 4 1, I. III. B. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Spore Formation in Derbesia (DAVIs). Origin of Roots in Lycopodium Selago (SAXELBY),. Cytology of Humaria rutilans, Fries. (FRASER). New Pteridosperm possessing Sphenopteris type of Foliage (ARBER). Anatomy and Morphology of Tmesipteris (SyKEs). Studies on some Javanese Anthocerotaceae (CAMPBELL). Bio-histological Notes on some new Rhodesian species of Fuirena, Hesperantha, and Justicia (GIBBS). Structure of the Leaf in Cretaceous Pines (JEFFREY). A Stigmaria with Centripetal Wood (WE!ss). Production of Dwarf Male Prothalli in Sporangia of Todea (BooDLE). Histology of the Sieve-Tubes of Angiosperms (HILL). Macrocystis pyrifera and Laminaria saccharina (SYKEs). Sexual Cell Fusions and Nuclear Divisions in Rusts (OLIVE). Contribution to the Physiology of the Saprolegniaceae (KAUFFMAN). The Genus Endocalyx, Berkeley and Broome (P&TCH). Cavity Parenchyma and Tyloses in Ferns (MCNICOL). Cytology of Ascomycetes (FRASER and WELSFORD). Real Nature of Tracheae in Ferns (GWYNNE-VAUGHAN). Behaviour of Chromosomes in Pinus and Thuja (Lewis). Traumatic Ray-Tracheids in Cunninghamia sinensis (JEFFREY). Study of Vascular System in certain Orders of Ranales (WORSDELL). Bensonites fusiformis, sp. nov. (SCOTT). On Seedling Structure of Gymnosperms (HILL and DE FRAINE). Tmesipteris tannensis and T. lanceolata (SyKES) . . . Equal and unequal branching of rhizome (SYKES) . Changes in the stele during transition (SYKES) FiGures. 5, 6. 7. 8, 9. 10. 11, 13. 13. 1. 2. 1-6. 7,8 9. 10-12. 13-158. 16-18. 19-21. 5-7- 8, 9. 10. 2. 3- 6-8. 10-12, 13. I, IA. 2-5. eo = e¢- ee @ VPP yp ree p mw aN ~ ~~ So = J a) e e ¢. DIAGRAMS 1-8. Curves I-7. Index Xylem strands and cross-sections of aerial stem (SYKES) . Apex of adult specimen (SYKES) . Cross-sections through a fertile stem, &c. (Sraes) Apical region of adult plant (SYKEsS) _.. ‘ Abnormal branch, bearing extra leaf (SyKEs) . Morphological relationships (SYKEs) Anthocerotaceae : Median longitudinal sections of embryos (CAMPBELL). Median sections of older sporophytes (CAMPBELL) . Delphinium requienii (SARGANT) . . Nigella damascena (SARGANT) Althea rosea (SARGANT) ‘ . . . . . Tetrarch type (SARGANT) . . : . . : Althea rosea (SARGANT) . . . . Anemarrhena asphodeloides (SARGANT) . Podophyllum peltatum (SARGANT). Hesperantha matopensis (GIBBS) . . . Hesperantha matopensis (GIBBS) . . . . ° Justicia elegantula (GiBBS) _. . ; . . Justicia elegantula (GrBBs) . . . . . Young sieve-tube (HILL) . : . . Section of sieve-tube (HILL) . . Diagrammatic view of sieve-plate (Hitt) ‘ . . Phloem in transverse section (HILL) . . : : Sieve-tube and companion cell (HILL) Development of slime-strings from groups of threads (Hitt) . Old sieve-plate of empty sieve-tube (HILL) . Development of slime-strings from single threads (Hint) Tangential section of phloem (HILL) .. : Petiolar bundle of Microlepia platyphylla (McNrcot) Petiolar bundle of Nephrolepis (MCNICOL) . . Formation of cavity parenchyma in Nephrolepis (McNicot) . Transverse section of petiole of Alsophila excelsa (MCNICOL). in vascular bundle of A. excelsa Transverse section of