PART IV. SPECIAL SUBJECTS. (Part 8)

diagnosis, 327 Fracture of, nasal bones — confd. etiology, 325 prognosis, 333 surgical anatomy, 323 symptoms, 325 treatment, 329 after-treatment, 332 operative treatment, 331 navicular, 710 treatment, 710 nose, 323 (see Nasal bones) olecranon, 185 OS calcis, 703 [see Calcaneum) patella, 594 after-care, 605 diagnosis, 597 etiology, 595 prognosis, 608 surgical anatomy, 594 symptoms, 595 treatment, 598 after-treatment, 605 operative treatment, 600 pelvis, 492 complications, 509 injury to, bladder, 510 pelvic viscera, 509 urethra, 509 vessels, 509 diagnosis, 505 etiology, 496 pathology, 496 surgical anatomy, 492 symptoms, 497 treatment, 507 of complications, 510, 511 phalanges of foot, 720 prognosis, 721 surgical anatomy, 720 symptoms, 720 treatment, 720 phalanges of hand, 307 after-care, 312 diagnosis, 310 prognosis, 313 surgical anatomy, 307 symptoms, 308 treatment, 310 after-treatment, 312 operative treatment, 311 radius, lower end, 242 after-care, 271 Colles' fracture, 242 diagnosis, 260 prognosis, 273 surgical anatomy, 242 symptoms, 252 treatment, 264 after-treatment, 271 operative treatment, 269 INDEX 801 Fracture of — confd. shaft, 204 after-care, 228 diagnosis, 219 prognosis, 229 surgical anatomy, 204 symptoms, 206 treatment, 220 after-treatment, 228 operative treatment, 225 upper end, 197 after-care, 202 diagnosis, 200 prognosis, 203 surgical anatomy, 197 symptoms, 199 treatment, 200 after-treatment, 202 operative treatment, 202 ribs, 459 after-care, 463 diagnosis, 462 emphysema in, 462 prognosis, 464 surgical anatomy, 459 symptoms, 461 treatment, 462 after-treatment, 463 scaphoid, 710 scapula, 37 acromion process, 40 after-care, 43 coracoid process, 40 diagnosis, 41 prognosis, 43 surgical anatomy, 37 symptoms, 40 treatment, 42 after-treatment, 43 semilunar {see Carpus) semilunar cartilages, 587 after-care, 592 diagnosis, 590 prognosis, 593 surgical anatomy, 587 symptoms, 588 treatment, 591 after-treatment, 592 operative treatment, 591 skull, 391 {see Skull, fractures of) diagnosis, 427 differential, 429 prognosis, 449 surgical anatomy, 392 symptoms, 411 treatment, 444 operative treatment, 447 spine, 465 after-care, 490 Fracture of, spine — confd. diagnosis, 483 prognosis, 491 surgical anatomy, 465 symptoms, 473 cervical region, 481 lumbar region, 482 thoracic region, 482 treatment, 484 after-treatment, 490 operative treatment, 486 sternum, 453 after-care, 458 prognosis, 458 surgical anatomy, 453 treatment, 456 after-treatment, 45i8 operative treatment, 457 tibia and fibula, lower ends, 675 after-care, 683 diagnosis, 679 prognosis, 683 surgical anatomy, 675 symptoms, 675 treatment, 681 after-treatment, 683 operative treatment, 682 shafts, 634 after-care, 654 diagnosis, 642 etiology, 637 prognosis, 657 surgical anatomy, 634 symptoms, 638 treatment, 642 after-treatment, 654 operative treatment, 650 upper ends, 620 after-care, 631 diagnosis, 627 etiology, 624 prognosis, 633 surgical anatomy, 620 symptoms, 625 treatment, 627 after-treatment, 631 operative treatment, 629 ulna, lower end, 232 after-care, 235 diagnosis, 234 prognosis, 236 surgical anatomy, 232 symptoms, 234 treatment, 235 after-treatment, 235 operative treatment, 235 shaft, 204 after-care, 228 diagnosis, 219 802 INDEX Fracture of, ulna, shaft — cont'd. prognosis, 229 surgical anatomy, 204 symptoms, 206 treatment, 220 after-treatment, 228 operative treatment, 225 upper end (olecranon), 185 after-care, 195 diagnosis, 190 prognosis, 196 surgical anatomy, 185 symptoms, 188 treatment, 190 after-treatment, 195 operative treatment, 191 zygomatic arch, 334 (see Malar) Fracture-box, 643 as double inclined plane, 582 use of, 644 Fractures, compound, treatment of, 789 open treatment of, 754 absorbable suture material, 768 asepsis in, 756 cautions in closing wound, 758 drainage, 758 the four-post clamp, 763 the Lane plate, 766 use of screws, nails, etc., 759 Freeman's clamp, 764 G Grerman base line, 400 Gerster's turn buckle, 762 Glycosuria following head injuries, 429 Goldthwaite's splint, 311 Grafting of bone, 771 Gun-stock deformity, in dislocation of elbow, 158 in fracture below elbow, 201 in fracture of humerus, 128 H Hammond's wire splint, 372 Head injuries, 391 [see Skull, frac- ture of) compression, 410 concussion, 407 contusion, 408 laceration, 409 Heath splint, for fracture of man- dible, 363 Heel, fracture of, 703 {see Calca- neum ) Hematoma of scalp, 382 Hematomyelia, in fracture of spine, ^ 479 Hematorrhachis, in fracture of spine, 479 Hematuria, in fracture of pelvis, 509, 511 Hemorrhage, beneath skin {see Ec- chymosis ) into spinal cord, 479 intracranial, 397 meningeal, of cord, 579 subdural, 397 Hip, dislocation of, 515 after-care, 530 diagnosis, 523 etiology, 520 prognosis, 530 surgical anatomy, 515 symptoms, 520 treatment, 524 after-treatment, 530 operative treatment, 529 types, 519 fracture of, 531 {see Xeck of fe- mur) after-care, 552 diagnosis, 539 etiology, 534 injuries to femoral neck in chil- dren, 555 prognosis, 555 surgical anatomy, 531 symptoms, 537 treatment, 542 after-treatment, 552 operative treatment, 550 Hodgen's splint, 582 Hook, McBurney's, 72 Humerus, dislocation of, 44 {see Shoulder, dislocation of) fracture of, lower end, 120 after-care, 151 crescentic fracture, 121, 123 diagnosis, 136 external condyle, 130 external epicondyle, 129 internal condyle, 131 internal epicondyle, 131 prognosis, 152 surgical anatomy, 120 symptoms, 128 T-fracture, 134 transverse fracture, 131 treatment, 143 after-treatment, 151 operative treatment, 148 shaft, 108 after-care, 119 diagnosis. 111 musculo-spiral nerve in, 108, 117, 119 prognosis, 119 INDEX 803 Humerus, fracture of shaft — cont'd. surgical anatomy, 108 symptoms, 110 treatment, 113 after-treatment, 119 operative treatment, 116 vipper end, 82 after-care, 106 anatomical neck, 83 diagnosis, 95 dislocation of humeral liead complicating, 72-76 etiolog;^', 89 fracture of tuberosities, 85 prognosis, 107 separation of epiphysis, 88 surgical anatomy, 82 surgical neck, 8^ symptoms, 89 treatment, 97 after-treatment, 106 operative treatment, 104 Hysterical unconsciousness, 438 I Iliac dislocation of hip, 517 everted, 519 Iliopectineal dislocation of hip, 518 Ilium, fracture of, 498 {see Pelvis) Inclined plane, double, 580, 581, 582 in fracture of thigh, 564 Internal right-angle splint, 146 with traction, 146 Intracranial sinuses, 399 Ischium, fracture of, 500 {see Pelvis) Jaw, loAver {see Maxilla, inferior) dislocation of, 376 fracture of, 348 upper, fracture of, 343 K Kingsley's splint, 361 Kocher's method of reducing disloca- tions of shoulder, 66, 67 Knee, dislocation of, 613 prognosis, 619 surgical anatomy, 613 symptoms, 616 treatment, 617 after-treatment, 619 operative treatment, 618 Laceration of brain, 409 Laminectomy, 487 Lane's bone drill, 760 bone plates, 766 Sherman's modification of, 765 Leg, fractures of bones of, lower ends, 675 {see also Pott's fracture and ankle) after-care, 683 diagnosis, 679 prognosis, 683 surgical anatomy, 675 symptoms, 675 treatment, 681 after-treatment, 683 operative treatment, 682 shafts of, 634 after-care, 654 etiology, 637 diagnosis, 642 prognosis, 657 surgical anatomy, 634 symptoms, 638 treatment, 642 after-treatment, 654 operative treatment, 650 upper ends of, 620 after-care, 631 diagnosis, 627 etiology, 624 prognosis, 633 surgical anatomy, 620 symptoms, 625 treatment, 627 after-treatment, 631 operative treatment, 629 Ligaments, acromio-clavicular, 30 capsular, of hip, 515 of shoulder, 44 of ankle, 685 of clavicle, inner end, 5 outer end, 30 of elbow, 154 of hip, 515 of knee, 613, 614 of shoulder, 44 radio-ulnar, lower, 237 upper, 177 Y-ligament of Bigelow, 516 Lothrop's operation in fractures of malar, 340 Lumbar puncture in fracture of skull, 449 Lung, puncture of, in fracture of ribs, 462 Luxatio erecta, 61 Luxations {see Dislocations) U Madelung's deformity, 239 804 INDEX Malar bone, fracture of, 334 after-care, 342 diagnosis, 338 etiology, 336 prognosis, 342 surgical anatomy, 334 sYmptoms, 336 treatment, 339 after-treatment, 342 operative treatment, 340 Mandible {see Maxilla, inferior) Massage {see After-treatment) Matas splint, 362 Maxilla, inferior, dislocation of, 376 etiology, 377 prognosis, 378 surgical anatomy, 376 symptoms, 377 treatment, 377 after-treatment, 378 fracture of, 348 after-care, 375 diagnosis, 356 prognosis, 375 surgical anatomy, 34i8 symptoms, 351 treatment, 357 after-treatment, 375 operatiA'e treatment, 373 superior, fracture of, 343 after-care, 346 diagnosis, 345 prognosis, 347 surgical anatomy, 343 symptoms, 344 treatment, 345 after-treatment, 346 operative treatment, 346 McBurney's hook, 72 Measurements in {see Diagnosis) fracture of femur, 539 of humerus, 96 Medio-tarsal joint, dislocations of, 709 surgical anatomy, 7U9 treatment, 709 Meninges, of brain, 395 vessels of, 396 Meningitis, differentiated from frac- ture of skull, 443 Metacarpal bones, dislocations of, 294 {see Carpo-metacar- pal luxations) fractures of, 297 after-care, 306 diagnosis, 300 prognosis, 306 surgical anatomy, 297 symptoms, 299 Metacarpal bones, fractures of — cont'd. treatment, 301 after-treatment, 306 operative treatment, 305 Metal numbers for marking X-ray plates, 704 Metatarsal bones, dislocations of, 713 {see Tarso-metatarsal luxations ) fractures of, 714 after-care, 718 diagnosis, 718 prognosis, 719 surgical anatomy, 714 symptoms, 716 treatment.- 718 after-treatment, 718 operative treatment, 718 Middledorf triangle, 102 Mohr's figure-of-eight bandage, 25 Musculo-spiral nerve in fractures of humerus, 108, 117, 119 N Nasal bones, fractures of, 323 after-care, 332 diagnosis, 327 etiology, 325 prognosis, 333 surgical anatomy, 323 symptoms, 325 treatment, 329 after-treatment, 332 operative treatment, 331 Navicular of tarsus, 710 prognosis, 712 surgical anatomy, 710 treatment, 710 after-treatment, 712 operative treatment, 712 Neck, anatomical, of humerus, 83 {see Humerus) of femur, 532, 537 {see Femur) of scapula, 40 {see Scapula) surgical, of humerus, 87, 92 {see Humerus ) Neck, fractures of, 465 {see Spine, fracture-dislocations of) Nelaton's line, 533, 534, 539 Nerves, cranial, in fracture of skull, 394 exists through base, 394 symptoms of injury to, 425 Nichols traction apparatus, 569 Nose, fracture of, 323 {see Nasal bones) 0 Olecranon, fracture of, 185 {see Ulna) INDEX 805 Olecranon, fracture of — cont'd. after-care, 195 complicating luxations of elbow, 166 diagnosis, 190 prognosis, 196 surgical anatomy, 185 symptoms, 188 treatment, 190 after-treatment, 195 operative treatment, 191 Oliver's method of wiring jaws to- gether, 366 Operative treatment of compound fractures and disloca- tions, 7^9 Operative treatment, of dislocations of ankle, 690 astragalus, 697 calcaneum, 706 carpal bones, 292 carpo-metacarpal joint, 296 clavicle, inner end, 9 outer end, 36 elbow, 170 lingers, 318 hip, 529 OS calcis, 706 patella, 611 phalanges of hand, 318 radius, head of, 181 semilunar cartilages, 591 shoulder, 71 spine, 486 (see Spine) subastragalar joint, 701 ulna, lower end, 240 upper end, 176 wrist, 292 in fracture of, astragalus, 697 calcaneum, 706 carpus, 292 clavicle, 26 coccyx, 508 cuboid, 712 cuneiforms, 712 femur, lower end, 582 shaft, 569 upper end, 550 fibula, lower end, 651, 682, 690 shaft, 650 upper end, 629 fingers, 311 hip, 550 humerus, lower end, 148 shaft, 116 upper end, 104 jaw, lower, 373 upper, 346 malar, 340 maxilb, inferior, 373 Operative treatment, in fracture of— - cont'd. superior, 346 metacarpals, 305 metatarsals, 718 nasal bones, 331 olecranon, 191 OS calcis, 706 patella, 600 phalanges of hand, 310 radial and ulnar shafts, 225 radius, lower end, 269 shaft, 225 upper end, 202 scaphoid, 712 semilunar cartilages, 591 skull, 447 spine, 486 sternum, 457 tibia and fibula, lower ends, 682 shafts, 650 upper ends, 629 ulna, lower end, 235 shaft, 225 upper end, 191 zygomatic arch, 340 in Colles' fracture, 269 in Pott's fracture, 671 Os calcis, fractures and dislocations of, 703 after-care, 707 diagnosis, 706 prognosis, 708 surgical anatomy, 703 symptoms, 705 treatment, 706 after-treatment, 707 operative treatment, 706 Osgood-Penhallow splint, 102 Os magnum, fractures and disloca- tions of, 277 {see Carpus) Osteitis of carpus following Colics' fracture, 274 Osteogenesis imperfecta, 732, 733 Packing of nasal cavities in fracture of nose, 329 Pad, axillary in fracture of humerus, 98, 99, 101, 114 Passive motion after {see After- treatment ) Colles' fracture, 272 dislocation of, elbow, 172 fingers, 381 shoulder, 79 thumb, 381 fracture of, clavicle, 29 olecranon, 195 patella, 606 806 INDEX Passive motion after — cont'd. injuries to carpus, 292 Pott's fracture, 673 Patella, dislocation of, 609 after-care, 612 diagnosis, 611 etiology, 610 prognosis, 612 surgical anatomy, 609 symptoms, 610 treatment, 611 after-treatment, 612 operative treatment, 611 fracture of, 594 after-care, 605 diagnosis, 597 etiology, 595 prognosis, 608 surgical anatomy, 594 symptoms, 595 treatment, 598 after-treatment, 605 operative treatment, 600 PatholoQJc fractures, 728-733 Pelvis, fracture-dislocations of, 492 diagnosis, 505 etiology, 496 pathology, 496 surgical anatomy, 492 symptoms, 497 treatment, 507 of complications, 510, 511 of rupture of bladder, 511 of rupture of urethra, 510 Penhallow, Osgood-Penhallow splint, 102 Perineal dislocation of hip, 518 Phalanges, of foot, 720 {see Toes) of hand (see Fingers) dislocations of, 314 fracture of, 307 Plate, Lane's, 766 Plaster of Paris, use of in fractures of femur, 546, 568 of hip, 546 of humerus, 100, 103, 147 of leg, 648 of metacarpals, 305 of metatarsals, 718 of pelvis, 50i8 of spine, 484 Pneumonia following fractures of hip, 542 of ribs, 464 Pott's fracture. 659 after-care, 673 diagnosis, 666 prognosis, 673 surgical anatomy, 659 symptoms, 664 Pott's fracture — cont'd. treatment, 668 after-treatment, 673 operative treatment, 671 Prognosis, in dislocations of, ankle, 691 astragalus, 698 calcaneum, 708 carpal bones, 293 carpo-metacarpal joint, 296 clavicle, inner end, 10 outer end, 36 cuboid, 712 elbow, 174 fingers, 319 hip, 530 jaw, 378 . knee, 619 mandible, 378 maxilla, 378 OS calcis, 708 patella, 612 phalanges of foot, 721 of hand, 319 radius, head of, 183 semilunar cartilages, 593 shoulder, 80 spine, 491 subastragalar joint, 702 ulna, lower end, 241 upper end, 176 fracture of, astragalus, 698 calcaneum. 708 carpus, 293 clavicle, 29 cuboid, 712 cuneiforms, 712 femur, lower end, 586 shaft, 573 upper end, 555 fibula, lower end, 673, 683, 691 shaft, 657 upper end, 633 fma'ers. 313 hip, 555 humerus, lower end, 152 shaft, 119 upper end. 107 inferior maxilla, 375 jaw, lower, 375 upper, 347 malar. 342 maxilla, inferior, 375 superior. 347 metacarpals, 306 metatarsals, 719 nasal bones. 333 olecranon, 196 OS calcis, 708 patella, 608 INDEX 807 Prognosis, fracture of — cont'd. phalanges of foot, 721 of hand. 312 radial and ulnar shafts, 229 radius, lower end, 236 shaft, 229 upper end, 203 ribs, 464 scaphoid, 712 scapula, 43 semilunar cartilages, 593 spine, 491 st€rnum, 458 superior maxilla, 347 tibia and fibula, lower ends, 6S3 shafts, 657 upper ends, 633 ulna, lower end, 236 shaft, 229 upper end, 196 zygomatic arch, 342 of Colles' fracture, 236 of Pott's fracture, 673 Pubic dislocation of hip, 573 Pulse, in fracture of skull, 422 Puncture, lumbar, in fracture of skull, 449 Puncture of lung in fracture of ribs, 462 Pupils, reaction of, in fracture of skull, 423 in various types of coma {see Dif- ferential diap'nosis in frac- ture of skull, 429) Q Qualimeter, Bauer's, 746 R Eachitis as cause of fracture, 732, 733 Padio-chronometer, 746 Padio-ulnar ligaments, lower, 237 upper, 177 Radius, dislocation of upper end, 177 after-care, 182 diagnosis, 180 prognosis, 183 surgical anatomy, 177 symptoms, 178 treatment, 180 after-treatment, 182 operative treatment, 181 fracture of, lower end, 242 after-care, 271 diagnosis, 260 prognosis, 273 surgical anatomy, 242 symptoms, 252 Radius, fracture of — cont'd. treatment, 264 after-treatment, 271 operative treatment, 269 of shaft, 204 after-care, 228 diagnosis, 219 prognosis, 229 surgical anatomy, 204 symptoms, 206 treatment, 220 after-treatment, 228 operative treatment, 225 of upper end, 197 after-care, 202 diagnosis, 200 prognosis, 203 surgical anatomy, 197 symptoms, 199 treatment, 200 after-treatment, 202 operative treatment, 202 Reduction of {see Treatment) Reflexes in {see Symptoms) coma from various causes, 429 {see Differential diagnosis of fracture of skull) fracture of skull, 423 of spine, 480 Respiration in coma, from vari'^us causes, 429 in fracture of ribs, 461 of skull, 422 of sternum, 426 Reversed Colles' fracture, 244 Reversed Pott's fracture, 664 Ribs, fractures of, 459 after-care, 463 diagnosis, 462 prognosis, 464 surgical anatomy, 459 symptoms, 461 treatment, 462 after-treatment, 463 T^olando, fissure of, 401 Rontgen ray in diagnosis and treat- ment of fractures and luxations, 735 Rose portable coil, 738, 739 Ruth-Maxwell method in fracture of hip, 545 Sacro-iliac synchondrosis, 504 Sarcoma as cause of fracture, 730 Sayre's dressing (modified) in dislo- cations of clavicle, 9 in fracture of clavicle, 24 in fracture of scapula, 42 808 INDEX Scalp wounds, 379 after-care, 390 complications, 384 pathology, 382 recognition of complications, 389 sequelae, 384 surgical anatomy, 379 symptoms, 382 treatment, 385 closure of wound, 389 control of hemorrhage, 385 prevention of infection, 388 varieties, 383, 384 Scaphoid of carpus, dislocations of, 286 "divided," 283 fracture of, 286 Scapula, fracture of, 37 after-care, 43 diagnosis, 41 prognosis, 43 surgical anatomy, 37 symptoms, 40 treatment, 42 after-treatment, 43 Sciatic dislocation of hip, 517 Screw-plate, Author's, 550, 551 Semilunar, fracture of {see Carpus) Semilunar cartilages, fractures and dislocations of, 587 after-care, 592 diagnosis, 590 prognosis, 593 surgical anatomy, 597 symptoms, 588 treatment, 591 after-treatment, 592 operative treatment, 591 Separations, epiphyseal, considered under fracture of bone in question (see Fracture) Sherman's modification of Lane's plate, 765, 766 tap-screw, 766 Shoulder, dislocation of, 44 after-care, 79 diagnosis, 64 etiology, 51 fracture complicating, 72 old dislocations, 77 prognosis, 80 recurrent dislocations, 77 surgical anatomy, 44 symptoms, 52 treatment, 66 after-treatment, 79 horizontal traction in, 69 Kocher's method in, 66, 67 operative treatment, 71 Stimson's method in, 69 Shoulder, dislocation of — cont'd. tvpes, 49 Silver fork deformitv, 252-259 Skull, fractures of, 391 diagnosis, 427 differential from, abscess of brain, 443 alcoholic coma, 433 apoplectiform and epileptiform convulsions, 443 apoplexy, 440 asphyxia from gas, 435 cerebral anemia, 432 cerebral congestion, 432 cerebral embolism, 440 cerebral hemorrhage, 441 cerebral syphilis, 442 cerebral thrombosis, 441 coma of acute infections, 438 diabetic coma, 437 epilepsy, 439 epileptiform attacks, 443 feigning, 438 hysteria, 438 poisoning by, belladonna, 436 alcohol, 433 chloral, 435 hyocvamus, 436 lead,' 436 opium, 434 phenol, 434 ptomaines, 435 shock, 431 syncope, 431 tumor of brain, 443 uremic coma, 436 etiology, 404 mechanism and pathology, 405 fracture by, bending, 405 bursting, 405 contre coup, 406 gunshot fractures, 407 prognosis, 449 surgical anatomv, 392 bones of skull, 392 cortical centers, 399 formation of, base, 393 vault, 392 membranes of brain, 395 vessels of, 396 meningeal vessels, 396 sinuses, intracranial, 399 symptoms, 411 aphasias, 424 classification of, 412 compression, 410 concussion, 407 contusion, 408 cranial nerve symptoms, 425 depressions in bone, 413 INDEX 809 Skull, fractures of, symptoms— confd. deviations in eyes, 422 disturbed psychic function, 424 eccliymosis, 418 emphysema, 420 escape of blood and brain, 417 general flaccidity, 421 headache, 421 laceration,