CHAPTER XX PsycuicaL Symptoms ASssocIATED WITH THE SENSE OF VISION (Part 4)

due to diabetes, 98 due to diseases of the central nervous sys- tem, 97 due to exophthalmic goiter, 99 due to infectious disease, 97 due to toxic causes, 97 Nystagmic twitchings, 107, 341 Nystagmus, 101, 106, 241, 250, 383 a compensatory phenomenon, 107 acquired, 107 acquired, in nervous diseases, 108 congenital, 107 hereditary predisposition to, 107 miners’, 109 occupational, 108 of aural origin, 108 unilateral, 107, 109 voluntary, 107 Objective symptoms, 6 Oblique illumination, 7 Obliteration of the anterior chamber, 199 Observations to be made in strabismus, 86 Occluded pupil, 209, 227 Occlusion of a branch of the central artery, 370 Occlusion of the central artery, 332, 336, 345, 363, 368, 383 Occupational nystagmus, 108 Occupational ptosis, 25 CGdema, of the conjunctiva, 118 of the lids, 26 of the lids, fugitive or recurrent, 27, 60 of the lids, in dacryocystitis, 27 of the lids, inflammatory, 27 of the lids, in inflammation of the acces- sory sinuses, 27 of the lids, malignant, 28 of the lids, noninflammatory, 26 of the lids, solid, 28, 30 of the retina, 345, 346, 366, 401 48.4 (dema of the retina, traumatic, 298, 336, 363, 367 Oil, aniline, toxic amblyopia from, 413 of wintergreen, toxic amblyopia from, 414 Onyx, 190 Opacities, in the cornea, 161 in the vitreous, 268 Opacity, Berlin’s. (See Traumatic edema of the retina) Opaque nerve fibers, 346, 356, 431 Ophthalmia, neonatorum, 130 nodosa, 127, 229 sympathetic, 45, 217, 225, 231, 292, 301, 308 Ophthalmic migraine, 22, 432 Ophthalmomalacia, intermittent, 293 Ophthalmoplegia, chronic nuclear, 98 chronic progressive, 16, 21, 98 external, 92 internal, 92 total, 91 Ophthalmoscopy, 7, 400 Opium poisoning, 208, 239, 246 Optical agnosia, 469 Optical aphasia, 469 Optic atrophy, 182, 827, 416, 421 choroiditic, 389 hereditary, 332 neuritic, 329, 337 partial, 327 retinitic, 332 simple, 329 total, 327 Optic nerve, disease of the papillomacular bundle of fibers of the, 828, 376, 431 sheath, coloboma of the, 318, 326, 358 tumors of the, 70 Optic neuritis, 182, 329, 333, 335 diagnostic value of, 337 differentiation from choked disk, 335 in one eye alone, 339 Orbit, emphysema of the, 66 hemorrhage into the, 29, 66 malformation of the, 338 tumors in the, 59, 68, 119 Orbital cellulitis, 27, 37, 56, 60, 78, 119, 283, 339, 380 Orbital periostitis, 27, 37, 73, 74, 75, 119, 339 Orbital trouble, a cause of muscular paresis, 94 Orthophoria, 101 Osteoma of the orbit, 59, 68 Otitis media, 333, 338, 343, 366, 439 Oval pupil, 209 Overwork, 217, 416 Oxycephalus, 330 Pachymeningitis, hemorrhagic, 340 Pain, 5, 437 Pallor of the papilla, gradually developing, 330 sudden, 330 Pannus, 139, 147, 151, 161 earnosus, 140 erassus, 140 siccus, 140, 141 tenuis, 140 trachomatous, 189, 148 vasculosus, 140 INDEX Panophthalmitis, 27, 73, 74, 182, 225, 235, 806, 307, 374, 394 Papilla, 315, 326 color of the, 315 defects about the, 358 excavations of the, 281, 317, 318 gradually developing pallor of the, 330 halo of the, 281, 285, 318, 358 margin of the, 316 pigmentation of the, 321 pulsation of vessels on the, 821, 354 redness of the, 333 size of the, 315 sudden pallor of the, 330 vessels of the, 319 Papilloma, of the conjunctiva, 115 of the cornea, 193 Papillomacular bundle, disease of the, 328, 376, 431 Papular form of syphilitic iritis, 226, 228, 236 Papules, early, 228 late, 228 Paracentral scotoma, 430 Paralysis, after diphtheria, 244, 246 agitans, 99, 108 or paresis, conjugate, 92, 99 of convergence, 92, 100 of divergence, 93, 100 Paralytic ectropion, 42 Parasites in the vitreous, 278 Parenchymatous iritis, 224 Parenchymatous keratitis. keratitis) Paresis, facial, 24, 52, 95, 178, 341 general, 21, 207, 239, 242, 244, 245, 246, 331 muscular. (See Muscular paresis) nuclear. (See Nuclear paresis) of external rectus, 88, 89, 98 of inferior oblique, 90 of inferior rectus, 90 of internal rectus, 88, 89 of muscles supplied by the third nerve, 91, 95, 96, 241 of superior oblique, 90, 94 of superior rectus, 90 peripheral, 95 supranuclear, 95 Parinaud’s conjunctivitis, 58, 146, 148 Partial fugacious amaurosis, 432 Partial irideremia, 212, 214 Partial staphyloma, 170 Patch, salmon, 161, 186 Pediculi of the lids, 48 Fema 31, 44, 116, 117, 134, -146, 51 Penetrating wounds of the eye, 293, 301 Pepper and salt fundus, 377, 388, 391, 392 Perforation of an ulcer of the cornea and its consequences, 168 Perimeter, 87, 427 Periostitis of the walls and margin of the orbit, 27, 37, 73, 74, 75, 119, 339 Peripheral paresis, 95 Peripheral scotoma, 430 Peripheral zone, 203 Pernicious anemia, 345, 352, 378, 379 Fem hyaloid artery, 255, 259, 272, ie (See Interstitial INDEX Persistent pupillary membrane, 203 Petechiw of the lids, 29 Phlyctenular conjunctivitis, 29, 58, 136, 149, 197 Phiyctenular keratitis, 24, 29, 438, 150, 172, 467 Phlyctenules, 112, 135, 136, 149, 181, 197 Phorometer, 102 Phosphorus poisoning, 348, 379, 413 Phthisis bulbi, 227, 292, 307 Physiological cup or excavation of the pa- pilla, 317, 318 Physiological protrusion of the eyeball, 64 Pigmentary degeneration of the retina, 255, 259, 263, 332, 350, 880, 385, 431 without pigment, 381 Pigmentation, of the cornea, 159 of the papilla, 321 of the sclera, 194 Pigmented nevi, 31, 204, 237 Pigment ring, 316 Pinguecula, 112 Plastic iritis, 215, 218 Pneumococcal ulcer of the cornea, 175 Pneumonia, 20, 222, 225, 235, 242, 337, 394 Poison ivy, 119 Polar cataract, anterior, 169, 256, 259, 260 posterior, 255, 259, 383 Polioencephalitis, 97 Poliomyelitis, 22, 97, 242 Polyeoria, 210 Polymyositis, 22 Polyneuritis, 338 Polyp of the conjunctiva, 115 Pomegranate, toxic amblyopia from, 413 Poor choroid, 323 Positions of the eyeballs, normal relative, 78 Positions of the head in muscular paresis, 88, 89, 90 Positive scotoma, 430 Postdiphtheritie paralysis, 244, 246 Posterior accessory sinuses, inflammation of the, 61, 76, 329, 339, 340 Posterior ethmoidal cells, symptoms of in- flammation of the, 61, 76, 339, 340, 431 Posterior lenticonus, 251, 255, 259 Posterior polar cataract, 255, 259, 383 Posterior staphyloma, 195, 346, 357, 358, 859, 387, 431 foreshortening of the papilla in, 360 Posterior synechia, total, 209, 261 Posterior synechie, 209 Potassium chlorate poisoning, 348, 414 Powder stains, 31, 194 Preauricular gland, swelling of the, 58, 127, 399 Pregnancy, 31, 52, 72, 108, 276, 372, 393 albuminic retinitis of, 375, 393 Preretinal hemorrhage, 277, 347 Presbyopia, 446 Preservation of the macula in hemianopsia, 433 Primary deviation, 80 Primary glaucoma, 281 Prism convergence, 104 Prism divergence, 104 Prism tests, 87, 102, 104 Prodromal symptoms of glaucoma, 281 4385 Progressive facial hemiatrophy, 32 Progressive muscular paralysis, nuclear pare- sis in, 99 Projection, 269 Se ure retinitis, 277, 298, 357, 363, Proliferation of connective tissue into the vitreous, 307, 365 ; Prophylaxis, of gonorrheal conjunctivitis of infants, 131 of sympathetic inflammation, 312 Prostatitis, 232 Pseudoglioma, 276, 395, 398 Pseudoleucocythemia, 236 Pseudoneuritis, 334, 336 Pseudopterygium, 114 Pseudoptosis, 18, 25, 26 Psychical blindness, 467 Pterygium, 112, 118, 122 false, 114 Seennine poisoning, 20, 97, 238, 244, 289, Ptosis, 16 acquired, 17 congenital, 16 from cerebrospinal lesions, 19 from lesions of the sympathetic nerve, 22 hysterical, 23 in acute infectious diseases, 20 in infants, 19 in syphilis, 20 isolated bilateral, 18 mechanical, 17 senile, 18 traumatic, 18 Puerperal fever, 73, 116, 192, 394 Pulsating exophthalmos, 29, 71 Pulsation of vessels on the papilla, 821, 354 Puncetata albescens, 349, 382 Punctate cataract, 256, 270 Punctate interstitial keratitis, 186 Punctate keratitis, deep, 191 superficial, 185 Punctum lacrimalium, closure of the, 53 Pupil, absolute immobility of the, 208, 244 amaurotic immobility of the, 243 Argyll-Robertson, 245 attention reflex of the, 207 cortical reflex of the, 207 crater, 198, 209, 227, 231, 261 excluded, 209, 227 hemianopic reaction of the, 242, 435 malformations of the, 208 myotonic reaction of the, 207 normal, 201, 204 occluded, 209, 227 oval, 209 reaction of, to accommodation, 206 reaction of, to closure of the lids, 207 reaction of, to convergence, 206 reactions of, to light, 205, 243, 396 reflex contractions of the, 205 reflex dilatation of the, 208 reflex immobility of the, 208, 241, 245 secluded, 209 slow reaction of, to light, 206, 248 Pupillary membrane, persistent, 203 Pupillary margin, 202, 295 Pupillary zone, 202 Pupils, symptomatology of the, 237 486 Purpura hemorrhagica, 29, 31, 118, 201, 348 Purulent choroiditis, 394, 397 Purulent iritis, 204, 235 Pus, sterile, 201, 235 Quiet iritis, 216 Quincke’s disease, 27 Quinine, toxic amblyopia from, 330, 332, 345, 413, 414 Rainbow-tinted halos about lights, 282, 420 Reaction, hemianopic pupillary, 242, 435 of pupils to light, slow, 206, 243 Reactions, of the pupil to light, 205, 243, 396 of the pupils, 205 Recurrent chronic cyclitis, 217 Recurrent erosion, 163, 184 Recurrent fever, 348 Recurrent hemorrhages into the vitreous, 277, 298, 366 Redness of the eyeball, 119 Redness of the papilla, 333 Red reflex of the fundus, 8, 400 Red spots, 346 Reflex amblyopia, 411 Reflex asthenopia, 457 “ss Reflex contractions of the pupils, 205 Reflex dilatation of the pupils, 208 Reflex eyestrain, 457 Reflex immobility of the pupils, 208, 241, 245 Reflex, red, 8, 400 Reflex ring, Weiss’s, 324, 360 Reflexes, light, 10, 324 Refraction, errors of, 121, 345, 443 eyestrain due to errors of, 443 varying effects produced by errors of, 444 Region of the sphincter of the iris, 202 Regular astigmatism, 156 Relative positions of the eyeballs, normal, 78 Remains of the fetal hyaloid artery, 255, 259, 272, 327 Remains of the fetal pupillary membrane, 203 Retention cysts, 39, 57 Retina and choroid, 344 gyrate atrophy of the, 382 Retina, angioid streaks in the, 353 apoplexy of the, 379 blood vessels of the. detachment of the. the retina) bullous detachment of the, 396, 401 flat detachment of the, 336, 401 glioma of the, 276, 386, 394, 395, 405 hemorrhages into the. (See Retinal hem- orrhages) laceration of the, 401 edema of the, 345, 346, 366, 401 pigmentary degeneration of the, 255, 259, 263, 332, 350, 380, 385, 431 traumatic edema of the, 298, 336, 363, 367 Retinal hemorrhages, 298, 847, 379 spontaneous, 348 toxic, 348 traumatic, 347 (See Retinal vessels) (See Detachment of INDEX Retinal vessels, 319, 350 beaded appearance of the, 355 color of the, 352 light streak of the, 320, 352, 354 relative sizes of the, 320, 351 sclerosis of the, 354 sheathing of the, 351, 354 size of the, 320 tortuosity of the, 320, 352, 354 varicosities of the, 353 walls of the, 320, 352 Retinitie optic atrophy, 332 Retinitis, 363, 370, 386 albuminuric, 374 albuminuric, of pregnancy, 375, 393 anemic, 378 causes of, 371 central, 366, 370, 372, 385, 390 circinate, 386 diabetic, 376 effect of on vision, 371 gouty, 378 hemorrhagic, 378 leucocythemic, 378 pigmentosa, 381 proliferating, 277, 298, 357, 363, 365 punctata albescens, 350, 382, 386 saturnine, 377 septic, 374 striate, 353 syphilitic, 376 Retinochoroiditis juxtapapillaris, 390, 430 Retraction of eyeball into the orbit, 63 Rheumatic iritis, 222, 233 Rheumatism, 20, 95, 190, 196, 197, 219, 221, 222, 231, 233, 338, 393 Rhinophyma, 32 Her ause ed degeneration of the cornea, Rickets, 190, 263 Ricochet of foreign body after wounding the eye, 305 Ring, connective tissue, 316 pigment, 316 scleral, 316 scotoma, 430, 431 Weiss-Otto shadow, 324, 360 Weiss’s reflex, 324, 360 Rodent ulcer of the lid, 35 Rupture of the choroid, 299, 364, 387 direct, 299, 364 indirect, 299, 364 Rupture of the eyeball, 300 See acid, toxic amblyopia from, 345, Salmon patch, 161, 186 Santonin, 421 Sarcoma, of the choroid, 394, 397, 399, 405 of the choroid, flat, 406 of the conjunctiva, 118, 114, 115, 136 of the cornea, 193 of the iris, 201, 204, 230, 231, 237 of the lid, 31, 35, 86 of the orbit, 70 Saturnine retinitis, 377 Scammony, toxic amblyopia from, 413 Searlet fever, 45, 74, 116, 1382, 191, 192, 263, 337, 394 School folliculosis, 148, 145 INDEX School myopia, 359, 446 Scientific nomenclature of strabismus, 82 Scintillating scotoma, 432 Sclera, 194 pigmentation of the, 194 staphyloma of the, 194 Scleral ring, 316 Scleritis, 120, 182, 194, 195 annular, 196 brawny, 196 deep, 192, 195 gelatinous, 196 superficial, 197 Scleroderma, 32 Sclerosing keratitis, 191, 195, 196, 197 Sclerosis, of the choroid, 346, 357, 358, 361, 363, 364, 385 of the retinal vessels, 354 Scotoma, 61, 386, 409, 430 annular, 430 central, 298, 328, 339, 367, 376, 390, 430, 481 central color, 411, 415, 426, 427 color, test for, 427 negative, 430 paracentral, 430 peripheral, 430 positive, 430 ring, 430, 431 scintillating, 432 ‘Serofula, 172, 181, 190 Seurvy, 29, 118, 348 Seborrhea, 47 oleosa, 48 sicca, 47 Secluded pupil, 209 Secondary deviation, 80 Secondary glaucoma, 195, 217, 227, 230, 281, 288, 396, 439 after contusion, 299 eauses of, 289 Secondary iritis, 215, 224 Sector-shaped defects in the field of vision, 409, 480 Semilunar fold, 110, 112, 142 Senile cataract, 252, 262, 264 Senile degeneration of the macula, 269, 372, 373, 390, 391 Senile ectropion, 42 Senile entropion, 43 Senile ptosis, 18 Sense, affections of the color, 420 Sepsis, 29, 372 Septicemia, 98, 374, 394 Septic retinitis, 374 Serous eyclitis, 216 Serous iridocyclitis, 216 Serous iritis, 216 Serpiginous syphilide, of the lids, 32, 30 Serpiginous ulcer of the cornea, 165, 174, 177 Shadow ring, Weiss-Otto, 324, 360 Shallow anterior chamber, 199 Sheathing of the retinal vessels, 351, 354 Sheath of the optic nerve, coloboma of the, 318, 826, 358 ‘ Sick headache. (See Migraine) Siderosis, of the cornea, 160 of the iris, 204, 236 Siliquose cataract, 254, 257, 258, 271 487 Simple glaucoma, 285 subjective symptoms of, 286 tension in, 287 Simple optic atrophy, 329 causes of, 330 Simple ulcer of the cornea, 164 Simulation, of amblyopia, 418 of blindness, 417 of defects in the field of vision, 419 of eyestrain, 466 Sinuses, accessory, empyemas of the various, 37, 59, 60, 61, 74, 75, 431, 463 Sinusitis, eyestrain from, 463 iritis from, 221 Sinus thrombosis, 76, 333, 338, 340 Size of the papilla, 315 Size of the retinal vessels, 320 Slowness of reaction of the pupil to light, 206, 243 Small-pox, 32, 191 Small white spots, 348 Snake bite, 97, 348 Snow blindness, 154 Se eoluEes fundus, 377, 385, 388, 391, Softening of the brain, 19, 22 Solid edema, 28, 30 Solitary tubercle, of the choroid, 394, 397 of the iris, 230, 231 Sores on the lids, 32 Sparkling synchysis, 275 Spasm of the accommodation, 296, 451, 452 simulating myopia, 451, 452 Spasmus nutans, 108 Spastie ectropion, 42 Spastic entropion, 44 Sphenoidal sinus, symptoms of inflammation of the, 61, 76, 339, 340 Spinal cord, disease of the, 238 Spindle cataract, 255 Bi no subconjunctival hemorrhages, Sporotrichosis, 33, 149 Spot, blind, 431 cherry red, 368, 383 Spots, black, 346, 381, 387 inflar-natory white, 350 in the fundus, 346 large white, 356 on the conjunctiva, 113 red, 346 small white, 348 white, 382 Squirrel plague conjunctivitis, 127 Staphyloma, anterior, 178, 195 ciliary, 195 equatorial, 195 intercalary, 195 of the cornea, 169, 170, 193 of the cornea, partial, 170 of the cornea, total, 170 of the sclera, 194 Set 195, 346, 357, 358, 359, 387, Starvation, 116, 192 Stellate figure of the macula, 375 Sterile pus, 201, 235 Strabismometer, 87 Strabismus, 79, 82 and the angle y, 87 488 Strabismus, convergent, 82. gent strabismus) differentiation from muscular paresis, 79 divergent, 79, 82, 85, 341 due to cicatricial adhesions, 82 measurement of, 86 observations to be made in, 86 scientific nomenclature of, 82 vertical, 82 Streaks, angioid, in the retina, 353 light, of the retinal vessels, 320, 852, 354 Streptococcus in membranous conjunctivitis, Striate retinitis, 353 Striped keratitis, 191 Styes, 37 Subcapsular cortical cataract, 267 Subconjunctival hemorrhage, 117 Subcutaneous tuberculin test, 147, 189, 231 Subjective symptoms, 6 of chronic inflammatory glaucoma, 284 of incipient senile cataract, 265 of simple glaucoma, 286 Subluxation of the lens, 247, 296, 301 Subnormal secretion of the lacrimal gland, 52 Subnormal tension, 183, 187, 239, 274, 291, 299, 301 after contusion, 292, 299 Sudden pallor of the papilla, 330 Sunken eye, 62 Superficial iritis, 224, 226, 233 Superficial punctate keratitis, 185 Supertraction, 316, 360 crescent, 316, 336 Supranuclear paresis, 95 Supraorbital neuralgia, 181, 215, 284, 488, 439 (See Conver- Sursumduction, 104 Sursumvergence, 104 Sweet’s apparatus for locating foreign bodies in the eye or the orbit, 304 Sycosis, coccogenes, 4 parasitica, 49 Symblepharon, 82, 116, 151, 154 Sympathetic inflammation, 308, 310 prophylaxis of, 312 Sympathetic iridocyclitis, 311 Sympathetic irritation, 308, 309 Sympathetic nerve, enophthalmos in lesions of the, 63 exophthalmos in lesions of the, 65 irritation of the, 238 paralysis of the, 121, 239, 240, 291 ptosis in lesions of the, 22 Sympathetic neuroretinitis, 312, 339 Sympathetic ophthalmia, 45, 217, 225, 231, 292, 301, 308 Symptomatology of the pupils, 237 Symptoms, 5 objective, 6 ocular, of inflammation of the posterior ethmoidal cells, 61, 76, 339, 340, 431 ocular, of inflammation of the sphenoidal sinus, 61, 76, 339, 340 ocular, of thrombosis of the cavernous sinus, 73, 76, 343 of asthenopia, 440 of eyestrain, 441 INDEX Symptoms, subjective, 6 Synchysis scintillans, 275 Syndrome of Hutchinson, 17 Synechie, anterior, 169 posterior, 209 Syphilis, 20, 45, 67, 74, 95, 97, 99, 117, 146, 180; 181, 188 L9G eto 7 e219 221, 222, 276, 289, 338, 354, 355, 366, 371, 388, 391, 392, 411, 432, 439 cerebral, 241, 244, 245, 246, 331 hereditary, 188, 388, 391, 432 Hutchinson’s physiognomy of hereditary, 188 Hutchinson’s teeth in hereditary, 188 Hutchinson’s triad in hereditary, 188 Syphilitic iritis, 226 Syphilitie lesions of the conjunctiva, 151 Syphilitie periostitis, 74 Syphilitie retinitis, 376 Syringomyelia, 99, 108, 245 Tabes dorsalis, 21, 52, 95, 98, 108, 159, 207, 289, 242, 244, 245, 246, 329, 330, 332, 430, 460 Table to aid in locating paretic muscles, 90 Taking the history, 11 Tape measure test, 86 Tarsitis, gummatous, 36 tuberculous, 35, 37 Tay’s choroiditis, 373, 390 Tea, toxic amblyopia from, 415 Tears, guidance of the, 52 Teeth, apical infections of the, 222 earious, 411 Tenonitis, 73 purulent, 76 serous, 76 Tension of the eyeball, 279 in simple glaucoma, 287 snbucrmale 183, 187, 239, 274, 201, 299, 30 Tessellated fundus, 322 Test, Calmette’s, 189, 230 cover, 103 for central color scotoma, 427 Maddox rod, 102 prism, 87, 102, 104 Wernicke’s, 242, 435 Tests, for nasal asthenopia, 462 of the tension of the eyeball, 279 of the