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Historical Author / Public Domain (1917) Pre-1928 Public Domain

The Blood

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PART I

‘THE BLOOD : : PAGE I—General Considerations 9. . + « «© «2 »- 1 I1—Physiology and Chemistry os eB mw = @ Methods of Obtaining the Blood . » + 8 ‘The Composition of the Corpuseles and the Serum . . 6 The Total Volume of the Blood in the Body . . . 8 The Volume of the Red and White Cells. ee . 9 Hemoglobin and its Derivatives . . oe » 10 Hemoglobin ren tT ‘ Methemoglbin . . . . 2... 12 Hematin . ce C2 Carbon Monoxide Hemoglobin . . . » 19 CyanogenCompounds . . ww wD Hematoporphyrin . . we ee Heematoidin Sai my 2a Quantitative Estimation of Hemoglobin eee 8 The Iron Content of the Blood . . - 8 6 82 Determination of the Specific Gravity of the Blood . - 33 Determination of the Specific Gravity of the Serum . . 36 Enumeration of the Red and White Cells. . . » 36 Thoma-Zeiss Hemocytometer . ee Total ‘Solids and Total Nitrogen of the Blood . 47

Non-Proteid Nitrogen, Urea, Uric Acid and Sugar in Blood 48 Indirect Methods for Approximately Estimating the Num-

  • ber of Blood Compass oe © & » @ ‘Reaction of the Blood . eon ee 88 | Coagulation Time of the Blood. . . . . 85 Todophilia . 2 87 Determination of the Freezing Point (Cryoscopy) 58 Deterinination of the Electrical Conductivity of the Blood 66 IIL—The Morphology of the Blood . 69 ‘The Preparation and Examination of Fresh Blood . | 69 Preparation of Smears of Blood and of Blood- Making Organs 7 Fixation of Blood Smears». . 7 Staining Blood Smears, . . 3. » . . « 78

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viii CONTENTS

TIL.—The Morphology of the Blood (Continued) — PAGE ‘The Examination of Stained Smears. . «+ + 89 Differential Counting . . ». + + + + 89 Morphology of the Red Cells . . . + + + 90 Morphology of the Blood Plates. . 100 Morphology and Relative Proportions of the Leucocytes . 101 ‘Types of Leucocytes in Normal Blood . 101 ‘Types of Leucocytes found in the Blood in Disease. 105 ‘The Blood in Infancy andChildhood . . » + «+ 108 Blood Formation and Blood-Forming Organs. . - 110 —Leucocytosis . . eo @ © «© «© « « TB Physiological Leucocytoses. 9. 2. we ee 19 Pathological Leucocytoses . . + + + +e 120 V.—Special Pathology ofthe Blood . . «eee 126 Polycythemia . . . + 4 + + + 16 Anemia. a oe ee 189 ‘Angmia following Hemorthage 9)... 181 Chlorosis 5 eee eee 188 Secondary Anemia =. . ww we (188 Pemicious Anemia =. sw wee 149 Anamia in Children 2... we 158 Infantile Pseudoleukemia . . . .). 150 Pscudoleukemia (Hodgkin's Dizeas) . + 160 Splenic Anemia. es (1 Leukemia . . . . + 162 ‘Acute Lymphatic Leukemia |. 1+ 1. 168 Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia . . . . 166 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia . . . . 167 Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia oe 170 Undetermined Types of Blood Disease . 176 Fatal Anzmia without Characteristic Leone . 176

Forms Intermediate between Pernicious Anemia and Leukemia =... we. O77 Leukanamia. . 178

Forms Intermediate between Pseudoleukemia and Lymphatic Leukemia . 180 Diagnosis of Intermediate Types of Blood Disease 180 VI—General Pathology of the Blood. . . . . . . 181

Blood Changes in Disease, 181 ; Surgical Conditions, 181; Typhoid Fever, 182; Pneumonia, 184; Diphtheria, 185; Scarlet Fever, 185; Measles, 186; Variola, 186; Vaccinia, 186; Chicken-pox, 127: Pertussis, 187; Acute Articular Rheumatism, 187; Erysipelas, 187; Septicemia, 187; Men- ingitis, 188; Tuberculosis, 188; Syphilis, 188; Leprosy, 189; Heart Disease, 189; Nephritis, 190.

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CONTENTS

VU.—Diseases in which the Blood Contains Parasites . . oe Malaria. =. oe The Development ‘of the Estivo-Autumnal Form of

Parasite . . .

Development of the Tertian Parasite | Development of the Quartan Parasite

Identification and Bae of the Mosquitoes Relapsing Fever . ‘ ‘ is ie Filariasis . - . . . . ‘Trypanosomiasis S 6 @ ms, os F Spotted Fever (Pyroplasmosis) | |. a Spirochete Pallida soe . . .

Syphilis. s 6 VIIL—Bacteriology of the Blood... |) 1X.—Serum Reactions . : A. Agalutination Reactions . | Gruber-Widal Reaction in ‘Typhoid Fever | Serum Diagnosis by Means of Bactericidal Action . B. Agglutination Reactions in Diseases other than 8 Typhoid

Paratyphoid Infections. : Infections due to the Bacillus coli communis | Infections due to Members of the Dysentery Group

Cholera. ee ee Plague... ee ec Tuberculosis ewe Pneumonia =. foe

C. Precipitin Reactions in Blood Serum "Résumé of the Important Points in Diagnosis from the Ex.

amination of the Blood . . . . . .

chemical microscopical diagnosis 1917 triage emergency response historical

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