Introduction and Background

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Digitized hy the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http:/www.arehive org/aetats/anatomynfarteri@00powerich ANATOMY oF THE ARTERIES OF THE HUMAN BODY, warn mn DESCRIPTIVE ANATOMY OF THE HEART. PUBLISHERS NOTICE. Is compliance with authority from the Surgeon-General of the United States Army, the present edition of Power's Anatomy of the Arteries is issued for the use of surgeons on the field of battle and in army hospitals. Besides the excellent illustrations in the English edition (from drawings by Dr. B. Wills Richardson), numerous other engrav- ings, exeouted under the inspection of one of our most distin- guished American anatomists, have been inserted. In the general execution of the work, special reference has been had to making it of the most convenient form for the surgeon’s use. We believe that it will be found an indispensable vade mecum for those engaged in the delicate operations incident to military surgery. J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO. Pauapsnenia, Sept. 1, 1862. ANATOMY or THE ARTERIES OF THE HUMAN BODY DESCRIPTIVE AND SURGICAL Witt THE DESCRIPTIVE ANATOMY OF THE HEART. BY JOHN HATCH POWER, M.D. FELLOW, AND MEMBER OF COUNCIL, OP THE ROYAL COLLEGR OF SURGEONS; PROFESSOR OF DESCRIPTIVE AND PRACTICAL ANATOMY IN THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS; SURGEON T0 THE CITY OF DUDLIN HOSPITAL, ETC, AUTHORIZED AND ADOPTED BY TILE SURGEON-GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY FOR USE IN FIELD AND GENERAL HOSPITALS. PHILADELPHIA: J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO. 1862. R Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1862, by J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO. in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the United States in and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, ie QMI9) 1v62 PREFACE Tux present work has been undertaken chiefly with the view of assisting the student whilst engaged in the study of Practical Anatomy, and of affording him such practical information in connection with the Anatomy of the Arterial System as may be of advantage to him long after his studies have been completed. For the purpose of effecting these desirable objects, I have endeavored to simplify as much as possible the anatomical details, and to bring to- gether such material facts in relation to the ope- rations upon the principal arteries of the body, as may lead to correct conclusions relative to the treat- ment of the various accidents and diseases to which these vessels are exposed. The recent alterations which have been made by some of the licensing bodies in these kingdoms have rendered their examinations more demon- strative in their character than heretofore; and I trust it will be found that, in the arrangements which I have adopted, the student will receive such nid 5 Pt gn wea y 6 PREFACE. assistance in this respect as the improved mode of examination would appear to render necessary. I have not overlooked the fact that there are many practitioners, particularly those in rural dis- tricts, who do not possess any opportunity of refresh- ing their memories upon anatomical points by actual dissection; and I am not without hope that to such the present volume may afford some useful hints as to the relations of those blood-vessels which, from time to time, may become the subjects of their ope- rations. The Illustrations have been executed from draw- ings made expressly for the work by Mr. B. Wiis Ricnarpson, Examiner in Anatomy and Physiology in the Royal College of Surgeons, and late Demon- strator of Anatomy in the Carmichacl School of Medicine. The elevated position to which this gentleman has been raised in the College, and which he continues to fill with so much honor, sufficiently indicates his reputation as an Anato- mist. The accurate and beautiful plates of Tiede- man and Cloquet, of Professor Quain and Maclise, have been rendered available for the illustrated portion of the work.* I cheerfully acknowledge my obligations to the labors of the late Professor Harrison, Professor Alcock, and particularly to those of my former col- league in the Carmichael School of Medicine, the late Dr. Flood. In the year 1850 I brought out a new edition of this last gentleman’s work upon the arteries, which has for some time since been out of * Additional illustrations have been inserted in the American edition. PREFACE. 7 print, but of which the principal part has been em- bodied in the present work. The greater number of the illustrations have been executed by Mr. Oldham, of this city, and the remainder by Messrs. Butterworth and Heath, of London. It would be superfluous to say any thing here in praise of Mr. Oldham as an artist: his talents are so well known and valued as to render such commendation upon my part unnecessary. Messrs. Butterworth and Heath are also well known as artists of considerable merit and high standing in their profession. Joun Harcu Powrr. 95 Hancovnr Srarer, Duntty, October, 1860. ISLE pom fo ast CONTENTS. PREFACE vss sseseee Descniprive ANATOMY oF THE Hearr. 19 Preliminary Directions.. 19 Pericardium .. 20 General Description of the Heart 22 External Surface 24 Right Auricle.... 27 Tuberculum Loweri 28 Fossa Ovalis.. 28 Foramen of Galen or Botal.. 29 Annulus Vieussenii 29 Great Eustachian Valve 29 Lesser Eustachian Valv 30 Openings of the Vens> Cavse 30 Venw Thebesiane. 82 Left Auricle. 82 Right Ventricle. 34 Infundibulum 34 Carnew Columnee 34 Chord Tendinem. 24 Tricuspid Valv 35 Valvular Septum of Lieutaud, of Right Ventricle. 86 Functions of the Tricuspid Valve 36 Mr. Hunter’s Views. 36 Mr. Adams's Views: 36 Mr. King’s Safety-Valv 37 Left Ventricle..... 39 10 CONTENTS. Desoniptive ANATOMY oF THE Hearr (continued). sud Mitral Valve of Vesalius..... . 39 Valvular Septum of Lieutaud, of Left Ventricl 39 Zonw Tendinos: 40 Opinions of Bouillaud.. 41 Relative Capacities of the Cavities of the Heart. 41 Structure of the Heart... 43 Muscular fibres of the Hem, 43 Mr. Searle on the arrangement of the Muscular fibres of 46 48 Arteries of the Heart. 49 Posterior or right Coronary Artery. 49 Anterior or left Coronary Artery. 50 Veins of the Heart. 50 Greater and Lesser Coronary Veins. 61 Vena Galeni.. ~ 51 Nerves of the Heart 51 Superior Cardiac Nerve. 52 Middle Cardiac Nerv: 62 Inferior Cardiac Nerve.. 52 Cardiac Plexuses.... 53 Great Cardiac Plexus. 53 Superficial or Anterior Plexus. 53 Deep or Posterior Ploxus. 58 Cardiac Ganglion of Wrisberg 53 Coronary Plexuses.. 53 Lymphaties of the Heart. 63 Poutmonary ARTERY) 54 Ductus Arteriosus . 54 Right Pulmonary Artery.. 56 Left Pulmonary Artery. 56 Dr. Hope on the position of the Heart and its great Vessels 66 AORTA... 58 Arch of Aorta... 58 Anterior or Ascending portion of the Arch of Aorta. 58 Connection of the Aorta with the Left Ventricle. 59 Sinuses of Valsalva... 59 Great Sinus of the Aorta. 61 CONTENTS. Aozra (continued). Middle Portion of the Arch of the Aorta... Posterior or Descending portion of the Arch of the Aorta Practical Deductions. Development of the Aorta. Brancnxs or tar Arcu or THE Aorta... ARTERIA INNOMINATA. 00000 Veins related to the Arteria Innominata.. Ligature of the Arteria Innominata, with tabular view. Professor Porter's case Modes of Operation. Commox Canorip AnreniEs.. First or inferior Stage of the right Common Caroti First or inferior Stage of the left Common Carotid Veins related to the Thoracic portion of the left Carotid. Second or superior Stage of the Common Carotid Artery Veins of the Neck... Ligature of the Common Carotid Artery ‘The Hunterian operation... Brasdor and Dessault’s operatior ‘Wardrop’s operation Operation in case of wound or ulceration. Hebenstreit’s case... ‘Mr. Abernethy’s case Mr. Ellis's case... Sir A. Cooper first tied the Artery for Aneurism. ‘Modes of the operation.. Operation, in its inferior Stage Sedillot’s operation.. Operation, in its superior Stage. Bifurcation of the Common Carotid. EXTERNAL Canorip ARTERY... Ligature of the External Carotid Artery.. Branches of the External Carotid Superior Thyroid Artery... Branches of the Superior Thyroid Artery, Lingual Artery... PAGE 85 85, 12 CONTENTS. Exrennat Canorip Artery (continued). PAor Branches of the Lingual Artery... 98 Accompanying Veins.. 99 Operation of Tying the Lingual Arter; - 99 Wounds of he Ranine Artery 100 Facial Artery 100 Facial Vein 102 Branches of the Facial Artery 103 Occipital Artery.. 107 Branches of the Occipital Artery. 109 Posterior Auricular Artery. 110 Pharyngea Ascendens Artery 111 Branches of Pharyngen Ascendens Artery ‘Transversalis Faciei Artery. Superficial Temporal Artery. Branches of the Superficial Temporal Artery. Internal Maxillary Artery... Branches of the Internal Maxillary Artery... Internat Canorip ARTERY... Branches of the Internal Carotid Artery. Ophthalmic Artery... Branches of the Ophthalmic Artery. Cerebral Branches of the Internal Carotid Arter; Rete Mirabile of Galen.. SUBCLAVIAN ARTERIES... Ligature of the Subclavian Artery in the first Stage. Tabular View of Operation. Professor Colles’s case 147 Mr. Hayden’s case.. uu7 Mr. O’Reilly’s case 150 Mode of Performing the Operatio 158 Ligature of Left Subclavian in its first Stag 154 Dr. Rodgers’s casesessssses seve 155 Ligature of Subclavian Artery in its second Stage. 158 Ligature of Subclavian Artery in its third Stage + 159 Application of the Distal Ligature on the Subelavian and Carotid Arteries 161 Mr. Wardrop’s Operation... 162 CONTENTS. 18 Sonotaviay Antunes (continued). ae Mr. Wickham’s Operation. Dr. Hobart’s Operation. Branches of the Subclavian Artery, Vertebral Artery... Branches of the Vertebral Artery. Basilar Artery.... Branches of the Basilar Artery. Circle of Willis, Internal Mammary Artery. Branches of the Internal Mammary Artery. Thyroid Axis Branches of the Thyroid Axis. Cervicalis Profunda Axtery. Superior Intercostal Artery. AXILLA... . 186 . 189 . 189 . 190 Axrtary Arrery.. Ligature of the Axillary Artery Ligature of Axillary Artery in its first Stage. Mr. Hodgson’s Method.. Manee’s Method... 192 Ligature of Axillary Artery in its second Stage. - 198 Ligature of Axillary Artery in its third Stage. - 198 Rupture or Laceration of Axillary Artery. - 194 Mr. Adams's case. - 194 Branches of the Axillary Artery 197 Acromial or Thoracica Acromialis Artery. . 197 Thoracica Suprema Arter} . 198 Thoracica Alaris Artery . 198 Thoracica Inferior, or External Mammary Artery. . 198 Infra or Subscapular Artery. . 199 Posterior Circumflex Artery. . 199 Anterior Circumflex Artery. - 200 Scapular Anastomosis... Veins of the Arm and Fore-Arm Venesectio Aneurismal Varix. Varicose Ancurism. 202