PART I
DEFORMITIES ORIGINATING BEFORE OR DuRING BIRTH. MALFORMATIONS,
Feta DIsEAsEs.
CHAPTER I
Congenital deformities of the extremities. Greater defects; the ectromelian, 1; hemimelian, 1; phocomelian. Partial defects, 3; humerus, 3; ulna, 4; radius, 4; club-hand, 4; femur, 7; patella, 7; fibula, 8; tibia, g. Parts of the foot. Supernumerary parts. Hypertrophy of ‘a limb or part of alimb..........00es0eee0»
CHAPTER II
Congenital deformities of the trunk. The spine, 12; thorax, 15; and pelvis. Numerical variations of the column, 12; their associa- tion with scoliosis. Other anatomical causes of curvatures, 16; the thorax and ribs, 18; the pelvis, 18; the clavicle and scapula. -
CHAPTER III
Congenital luxations and subluxations: Club-foot, 25; cause, 25; fre- quency, 25; prognosis, 27; treatment, mechanical and operative...
CHAPTER IV
Congenital dislocation of the hip, 38; frequency, 38; disability, 38; pathological anatomy, 40; symptoms, 43; signs, 44; diagnosis, 45; treatment, 47; manipulative reduction, 48; after-care, 51; Mueller’s modification, 53; muscle-stretching machines. 53; Hoffa’s manipu- lative reduction, 55; anterior transpositions, 57; cutting operations.
CHAPTER V
Congenital subluxations of the hip, 60; congenital dislocations and ‘subluxations of the knee, nkle, 62; shoulder, 62; elbow, 63; and wrist. a
CHAPTER VI
Fetal bone diseases, 65; syphilis, 65; tuberculosis, 65; rickets, 65: osteo genesis imperfecta, 66; chondrodystrophia foetalis. Diseases of the nervous system of congenital origin, 69; spina bifida, 69; hereditary ataxia, 70; the dystrophies, 71; Erb’s juvenile atrophy and paralysis, 73; Landouzy-Déjerine type, 74; pseudomuscular hypertrophy. ‘Those caused by an accident during birth, 74; Little’s disease and obstetrical paralysis.
a5
38
60
65
x CONTENTS.
PART II
Derormitizs CauseD By THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL FoRCES ACTING
Upon THE GROWTH OF THE SKELETON.
CHAPTER VII Irregularities of the skull, 85; gravity, 85; influence of defective sight or hearing on one side only, 87; lateral curvature of the spine, 87; frequency, 87; terminology, 88; normal curves at different ages, 89; pathological anatomy, 90; spine, 90; thorax, 93; pelvis. teral curvatures of different parts of the spine, 96; simple and compli- cated, 102; causes, 104; congenital, 104; osteogenous, 105; me- chanic, 106; functional....... 0.00. 0e-ccceecseceseueceeercnnes
CHAPTER VIII
Lateral curvature continued, 109; examining and recording scoliosis, 109; the normal movements of the spine, 112; treatment for malpostures and slight curvatures by exercise, 113; exercises in general.
CHAPTER IX
Lateral curvature concluded, 132; treatment of structural scoliosis, 132; exercises for flexibility, 132; corrective jackets, 1345 exercises for self- correction, 136; those for strengthening the trunk to maintain erect. position, 137; Wullstein’s jackets and braces, 137; operation of Hoke. Malpostures and their prevention, 138; school desks, 139. Round shoulders, 140; normal attitude, 40; round back, 140; hollow-round back, 140; forward shoulders, 14r; the recording of antero-posterior curves and the attitude in standing. Funnel chest............--